{"id":1041,"date":"2023-05-02T11:14:11","date_gmt":"2023-05-02T11:14:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/?p=1041"},"modified":"2023-05-02T18:13:03","modified_gmt":"2023-05-02T18:13:03","slug":"aumento-concentracion-polvo-sahariano-sierra-nevada","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/aumento-concentracion-polvo-sahariano-sierra-nevada\/","title":{"rendered":"2022: the year with the highest concentration of Saharan dust in Granada and Sierra Nevada in the last decades"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"1041\" class=\"elementor elementor-1041\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-727c427 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"727c427\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9341f99\" data-id=\"9341f99\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-99923a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"99923a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.13.2 - 11-05-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>The deposition of atmospheric aerosols, such as mineral dust, is a climatic variable whose impact on humans and ecosystems is gaining importance. The role played by atmospheric depositions on Mediterranean ecosystems has not been sufficiently studied, although the data that are becoming available indicate that atmospheric particulate matter, and in particular mineral dust from the Sahara desert, represents one of the main inputs of nutrients and trace elements, among other components, to terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in the Mediterranean area.<\/p><h4><b>Surface mineral dust concentration monitoring in the Granada and Sierra Nevada area.<\/b><\/h4><p>MERRA-2 (<i>Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2<\/i>) is a database of meteorological variables with daily information from the early 1980s to the present. This large dataset assimilates and reanalyzes information on multiple variables, such as atmospheric aerosol, from various sources of surface measurements and satellite remote sensing. The MERRA-2 pixel in which Granada and the peaks of the Sierra Nevada are partially included (Figure 1) covers an area of 55 x 70 km (Figure 2).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae1faa elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3ae1faa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.13.2 - 11-05-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"452\" src=\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/noticia_polvo_sierra_nevada_imagen_1-1024x579.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1044\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/noticia_polvo_sierra_nevada_imagen_1-1024x579.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/noticia_polvo_sierra_nevada_imagen_1-300x170.jpg 300w, https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/noticia_polvo_sierra_nevada_imagen_1-768x435.jpg 768w, https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/noticia_polvo_sierra_nevada_imagen_1.jpg 1299w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Figura 1. P\u00edxel de MERRA-2 que contiene a Granada y parte de Sierra Nevada en el que se ha analizado la din\u00e1mica de polvo en superficie. El tama\u00f1o del p\u00edxel es 55 x 70 km. Mapa de fondo de OpenStreetMaps.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ffe0983 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ffe0983\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>One of the variables provided by MERRA-2 is the surface mineral dust concentration in units of micrograms per cubic meter (\u00b5g\/m<span style=\"font-size: 12px; text-align: justify;\">3<\/span>). In <b>Figure 2<\/b> we can see the annual averages of surface dust concentration for the MERRA-2 pixel. We can observe the interannual variability of the last 40 years as well as an increasing trend in dust concentration, obtained by linear regression. This increasing trend was favored in part by the sharp increase in dust concentration observed in the year 2022, due to the <b>high number of Saharan dust intrusions<\/b> that took place during that year in the region (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ideal.es\/granada\/calima-vuelve-granada-20220324164155-nt.html?ref=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F\">Calima returns to Granada<\/a>; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ideal.es\/andalucia\/vuelven-calima-lluvias-andalucia-20221003145922-nt.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Calima and rains return to Andalusia at the beginning of the week: how many days will it last?<\/a>).\u00a0<\/p><p>The World Health Organization (WHO) has set a threshold value for the concentration of coarse particulate matter (PM10) at the surface. at 50 \u00b5g\/m<span style=\"font-size: 12px; text-align: justify;\">3<\/span>indicating that higher values pose a risk to human health. Figure 3 shows the number of days per year on which this threshold was exceeded (red bars) in the study area since 1980. The figure also shows the number of days which exceeded the threshhold of 100 \u00b5g\/m<span style=\"font-size: 12px; text-align: justify;\">3<\/span>\u00a0(blue bars), indicating extremely high dust concentrations. In the year 2022, a total of 77 days (21% of the year) showed <b>concentrations higher than the threshold value<\/b> of 50 \u00b5g\/m<span style=\"font-size: 12px; text-align: justify;\">3<\/span>, while on <b>35 days<\/b> se super\u00f3 el <b>valor extremo<\/b> de 100 \u00b5g\/m<span style=\"font-size: 12px; text-align: justify;\">3<\/span>. Estos datos, convierten al <b>a\u00f1o 2022<\/b> como el a\u00f1o con <b>mayor n\u00famero de d\u00edas con concentraciones de polvo da\u00f1inas para la salud humana<\/b> de los \u00faltimos 40 a\u00f1os, seg\u00fan la serie hist\u00f3rica de MERRA-2, para el \u00e1rea de Granada-Sierra Nevada.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-59912b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"59912b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"320\" src=\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/yearly_mean_dust_surface_mass_concentration_1980-2022_trend_vx-1024x410.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1045\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/yearly_mean_dust_surface_mass_concentration_1980-2022_trend_vx-1024x410.png 1024w, https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/yearly_mean_dust_surface_mass_concentration_1980-2022_trend_vx-300x120.png 300w, https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/yearly_mean_dust_surface_mass_concentration_1980-2022_trend_vx-768x307.png 768w, https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/yearly_mean_dust_surface_mass_concentration_1980-2022_trend_vx.png 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Figure 2. Interannual variability of surface dust concentration between 1980 and 2022. The linear trend is shown in blue. Data obtained from the MERRA-2 pixel containing Granada and part of Sierra Nevada (see Figure 1).<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d4d840 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2d4d840\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"320\" src=\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/barplot_number_days_overpass50_100_final_v2-1024x410.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1046\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/barplot_number_days_overpass50_100_final_v2-1024x410.png 1024w, https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/barplot_number_days_overpass50_100_final_v2-300x120.png 300w, https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/barplot_number_days_overpass50_100_final_v2-768x307.png 768w, https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/barplot_number_days_overpass50_100_final_v2.png 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Number of days per year in which the thresholds of 50 \u00b5g\/m3 (red) and 100 \u00b5g\/m3 (blue) surface atmospheric dust concentrations harmful to human health are exceeded between 1980 and 2022. Data obtained from the MERRA-2 pixel containing Granada and part of Sierra Nevada (see Figure 1).<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19ebf72 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"19ebf72\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\" translation-block\">The presence of dust on our planet is a natural phenomenon. However, in recent decades, there has been a trend towards an increase in the amount of dust particles in the atmosphere (a phenomenon known as global dimming <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1256\/wea.210.03\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1256\/wea.210.03<\/b><\/a>), which is of concern due to the negative effects it can have on human health and the environment in general.In addition, the study of the large variability of the amount of dust is of great relevance to understand its global impact. In this sense, it is becoming increasingly evident that we must pay attention to the growing trend in the amount of dust in suspension in the atmosphere, due to the impact it will have on climate, ecosystems and human health itself. A better characterization of mineral dust concentration as well as a better understanding of the relationship between haze events and climate change will help to mitigate these effects. Our ultimate goal is to understand and monitor the effects that this dust deposition may have on Sierra Nevada ecosystems (e.g., fertilization of crops, meadows and forests, increased turbidity and primary production in high mountain lagoons, etc.). Figure 4 shows an example of the impact of the Saharan dust input in 2022 on the snow cover and lagoons of the Sierra Nevada. The turbidity of the water in many Sierra Nevada lagoons increased exponentially, significantly affecting photosynthetic activity and all ecological processes of production and decomposition. On the other hand, the accumulation of dust on the snow causes it to melt earlier as it absorbs more solar radiation, altering the functioning of the headwaters of the river basins.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1cad66b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1cad66b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/lagunasdesierranevada.es\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"530\" src=\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/noticia_polvo_sierra_nevada_imagen_2-1024x679.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1043\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/noticia_polvo_sierra_nevada_imagen_2-1024x679.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/noticia_polvo_sierra_nevada_imagen_2-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/noticia_polvo_sierra_nevada_imagen_2-768x509.jpg 768w, https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/noticia_polvo_sierra_nevada_imagen_2.jpg 1299w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Figure 4. Veleta pool on May 31, 2022. Author: Eulogio Corral Redondo. Source: Lagunas de Sierra Nevada (https:\/\/lagunasdesierranevada.es\/).<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9eeefb7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9eeefb7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-efa43de\" data-id=\"efa43de\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd1fe11 elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-image-comparison\" data-id=\"bd1fe11\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-image-comparison.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >\n        <div class=\"elementskit-image-comparison image-comparison-container\" \n\t   data-offset= \"0.5\" \n\t   data-overlay= \"\" \n\t   data-label_after= \"27 Febrero 2017\" \n\t   data-label_before= \"Enero 2017\" \n\t   data-move_slider_on_hover= \"\" \n\t   data-click_to_move= \"true\" \n\t   >\n            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/SN_SinCalima_2017-1.png\" title=\"SN_SinCalima_2017\" alt=\"SN_SinCalima_2017\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/SN_ConCalima_2017.png\" title=\"SN_ConCalima_2017\" alt=\"SN_ConCalima_2017\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>        <\/div>\n\n    <\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ecdd6fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ecdd6fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><i>Figure 5: Images of Sierra Nevada from Landsat 8 satellite corresponding to the months of January (left) and February (right) 2017.<\/i><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Un estudio realizado en la Universidad de Granada revela un aumento en la concentraci\u00f3n de polvo mineral sahariano en la regi\u00f3n de Granada y Sierra Nevada. Los datos muestran una tendencia creciente en la concentraci\u00f3n de polvo atmosf\u00e9rico en los \u00faltimos 40 a\u00f1os, con 2022 siendo el a\u00f1o con mayor n\u00famero de d\u00edas con concentraciones da\u00f1inas para la salud humana. Esta tendencia tiene implicaciones negativas para la salud humana y el medio ambiente, afectando la calidad del aire, la actividad fotosint\u00e9tica en lagunas de alta monta\u00f1a y el derretimiento de la nieve.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1056,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1041","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sin-categoria"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>2022: el a\u00f1o con mayor concentraci\u00f3n de polvo sahariano en Granada y Sierra Nevada en las \u00faltimas d\u00e9cadas - Smart Ecomountains<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/aumento-concentracion-polvo-sahariano-sierra-nevada\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"2022: el a\u00f1o con mayor concentraci\u00f3n de polvo sahariano en Granada y Sierra Nevada en las \u00faltimas d\u00e9cadas - Smart Ecomountains\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Un estudio realizado en la Universidad de Granada revela un aumento en la concentraci\u00f3n de polvo mineral sahariano en la regi\u00f3n de Granada y Sierra Nevada. Los datos muestran una tendencia creciente en la concentraci\u00f3n de polvo atmosf\u00e9rico en los \u00faltimos 40 a\u00f1os, con 2022 siendo el a\u00f1o con mayor n\u00famero de d\u00edas con concentraciones da\u00f1inas para la salud humana. Esta tendencia tiene implicaciones negativas para la salud humana y el medio ambiente, afectando la calidad del aire, la actividad fotosint\u00e9tica en lagunas de alta monta\u00f1a y el derretimiento de la nieve.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/aumento-concentracion-polvo-sahariano-sierra-nevada\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Smart Ecomountains\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/smartecomountains\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-05-02T11:14:11+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-05-02T18:13:03+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/SN_ConCalima_2017-1024x389.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"389\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Smart Ecomountains\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@smart_mountains\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@smart_mountains\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Smart Ecomountains\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/aumento-concentracion-polvo-sahariano-sierra-nevada\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/aumento-concentracion-polvo-sahariano-sierra-nevada\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Smart Ecomountains\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/#\/schema\/person\/c1a3698881603a378ee799392da91ed3\"},\"headline\":\"2022: el a\u00f1o con mayor concentraci\u00f3n de polvo sahariano en Granada y Sierra Nevada en las \u00faltimas d\u00e9cadas\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-05-02T11:14:11+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-05-02T18:13:03+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/aumento-concentracion-polvo-sahariano-sierra-nevada\/\"},\"wordCount\":1054,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"Sin categor\u00eda\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/aumento-concentracion-polvo-sahariano-sierra-nevada\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/aumento-concentracion-polvo-sahariano-sierra-nevada\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/aumento-concentracion-polvo-sahariano-sierra-nevada\/\",\"name\":\"2022: el a\u00f1o con mayor concentraci\u00f3n de polvo sahariano en Granada y Sierra Nevada en las \u00faltimas d\u00e9cadas - Smart Ecomountains\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-05-02T11:14:11+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-05-02T18:13:03+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/aumento-concentracion-polvo-sahariano-sierra-nevada\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/aumento-concentracion-polvo-sahariano-sierra-nevada\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/aumento-concentracion-polvo-sahariano-sierra-nevada\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Portada\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"2022: el a\u00f1o con mayor concentraci\u00f3n de polvo sahariano en Granada y Sierra Nevada en las \u00faltimas d\u00e9cadas\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/\",\"name\":\"Smart Ecomountains\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Smart Ecomountains\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Smart_Ecomountains_Color.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Smart_Ecomountains_Color.png\",\"width\":665,\"height\":182,\"caption\":\"Smart Ecomountains\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/smartecomountains\",\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/smart_mountains\",\"http:\/\/instagram.com\/smartecomountains\",\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/smartecomountains\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/#\/schema\/person\/c1a3698881603a378ee799392da91ed3\",\"name\":\"Smart Ecomountains\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/aee68e9e68e45daaf36edcef894e95acc4db7ca1a2119cdef743e35d59b1963b?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/aee68e9e68e45daaf36edcef894e95acc4db7ca1a2119cdef743e35d59b1963b?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Smart Ecomountains\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/author\/admsmartecomountains\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"2022: el a\u00f1o con mayor concentraci\u00f3n de polvo sahariano en Granada y Sierra Nevada en las \u00faltimas d\u00e9cadas - Smart Ecomountains","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/aumento-concentracion-polvo-sahariano-sierra-nevada\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"2022: el a\u00f1o con mayor concentraci\u00f3n de polvo sahariano en Granada y Sierra Nevada en las \u00faltimas d\u00e9cadas - Smart Ecomountains","og_description":"Un estudio realizado en la Universidad de Granada revela un aumento en la concentraci\u00f3n de polvo mineral sahariano en la regi\u00f3n de Granada y Sierra Nevada. Los datos muestran una tendencia creciente en la concentraci\u00f3n de polvo atmosf\u00e9rico en los \u00faltimos 40 a\u00f1os, con 2022 siendo el a\u00f1o con mayor n\u00famero de d\u00edas con concentraciones da\u00f1inas para la salud humana. Esta tendencia tiene implicaciones negativas para la salud humana y el medio ambiente, afectando la calidad del aire, la actividad fotosint\u00e9tica en lagunas de alta monta\u00f1a y el derretimiento de la nieve.","og_url":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/aumento-concentracion-polvo-sahariano-sierra-nevada\/","og_site_name":"Smart Ecomountains","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/smartecomountains","article_published_time":"2023-05-02T11:14:11+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-05-02T18:13:03+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":389,"url":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/SN_ConCalima_2017-1024x389.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"Smart Ecomountains","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@smart_mountains","twitter_site":"@smart_mountains","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Smart Ecomountains","Est. reading time":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/aumento-concentracion-polvo-sahariano-sierra-nevada\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/aumento-concentracion-polvo-sahariano-sierra-nevada\/"},"author":{"name":"Smart Ecomountains","@id":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/#\/schema\/person\/c1a3698881603a378ee799392da91ed3"},"headline":"2022: el a\u00f1o con mayor concentraci\u00f3n de polvo sahariano en Granada y Sierra Nevada en las \u00faltimas d\u00e9cadas","datePublished":"2023-05-02T11:14:11+00:00","dateModified":"2023-05-02T18:13:03+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/aumento-concentracion-polvo-sahariano-sierra-nevada\/"},"wordCount":1054,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/#organization"},"articleSection":["Sin categor\u00eda"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/aumento-concentracion-polvo-sahariano-sierra-nevada\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/aumento-concentracion-polvo-sahariano-sierra-nevada\/","url":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/aumento-concentracion-polvo-sahariano-sierra-nevada\/","name":"2022: el a\u00f1o con mayor concentraci\u00f3n de polvo sahariano en Granada y Sierra Nevada en las \u00faltimas d\u00e9cadas - Smart Ecomountains","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/#website"},"datePublished":"2023-05-02T11:14:11+00:00","dateModified":"2023-05-02T18:13:03+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/aumento-concentracion-polvo-sahariano-sierra-nevada\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/aumento-concentracion-polvo-sahariano-sierra-nevada\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/aumento-concentracion-polvo-sahariano-sierra-nevada\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Portada","item":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"2022: el a\u00f1o con mayor concentraci\u00f3n de polvo sahariano en Granada y Sierra Nevada en las \u00faltimas d\u00e9cadas"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/#website","url":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/","name":"Smart Ecomountains","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/#organization","name":"Smart Ecomountains","url":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Smart_Ecomountains_Color.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Smart_Ecomountains_Color.png","width":665,"height":182,"caption":"Smart Ecomountains"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/smartecomountains","https:\/\/twitter.com\/smart_mountains","http:\/\/instagram.com\/smartecomountains","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/smartecomountains\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/#\/schema\/person\/c1a3698881603a378ee799392da91ed3","name":"Smart Ecomountains","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/aee68e9e68e45daaf36edcef894e95acc4db7ca1a2119cdef743e35d59b1963b?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/aee68e9e68e45daaf36edcef894e95acc4db7ca1a2119cdef743e35d59b1963b?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Smart Ecomountains"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev"],"url":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/author\/admsmartecomountains\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1041","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1041"}],"version-history":[{"count":43,"href":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1041\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1091,"href":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1041\/revisions\/1091"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1056"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1041"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1041"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/smartecomountains.lifewatch.dev\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1041"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}